Question 18. How do you think we can make sure that we achieve safe and inclusive communities when planning new development?

4.28 First and foremost, the Local Plan can achieve socially inclusive communities when planning new development by forming a spatial strategy that ensures that new development is accessible or can be made accessible. Providing everyone with the opportunity to walk, bus and cycle to jobs, schools, shops, services and social activities will be vital. 4.29 Socially inclusive communities are created by people, but it helps if infrastructure is provided in time for first residents, either as a temporary facility or a smaller version of the final product. It will be important to ensure that support systems and management strategies are in place for community infrastructure. 4.30 Social inclusion can also be delivered by building in public realm to all forms of development (housing, employment and leisure) that encourages informal meeting and ‘bumping’ into people. 4.31 Providing a mix of housing types including a range of dwellings sizes and a proportion of affordable is key to achieving socially inclusive communities. Allocating Land at Frog End for mixed use development would provide opportunities to promote social inclusion as it is proposed to provide an enhanced level of affordable housing. The proposed homes would also be designed to form a suitable site layout and to provide a broad mix of housing types, based on local need. It is recognised that homes need to be designed to be accessible for disabled people, either by achieving Lifetime Homes standards or being able to be easily adapted for disability access, and it is considered that this can be explored in more detail as design proposals advance for Land at Frog End in order to deliver housing that is suitable for a range of people with varying needs.

3.23 First and foremost, to form a spatial strategy that ensures that new development is accessible or can be made accessible. Providing everyone with the opportunity to walk, bus and cycle to jobs, schools, shops, services and social activities.

5.28 First and foremost, to form a spatial strategy that ensures that new development is accessible or can be made accessible. Providing everyone with the opportunity to walk, bus and cycle to jobs, schools, shops, services and social activities. 5.29 Tenure blind development, with flexible housing mix policies to allow for the right homes in the right location. A clearer policy framework to support housing for elderly persons and increasing need for a range of homes and supported living. Page 14 5.30 Socially inclusive communities are created by people, but it helps if infrastructure is provided in time for first residents, either as a temporary facility or a smaller version of the final product. Ensure that support systems/management strategies are in place for community infrastructure. In new settlements, community development workers are key to establishing links between people and opening connecting newcomers to the wider environment. 5.31 Build in public realm to all forms of development (housing, employment and leisure) that encourages informal meeting and ‘bumping’ into people. 5.32 Ensure delivery of truly affordable homes

5.22 First and foremost, to form a spatial strategy that ensures that new development is accessible or can be made accessible. Providing everyone with the opportunity to walk, bus and cycle to jobs, schools, shops, services and social activities. 5.23 Tenure blind development, with flexible housing mix policies to allow for the right homes in the right location. A clearer policy framework to support housing for elderly persons and increasing need for a range of homes and supported living. 5.24 Socially inclusive communities are created by people, but it helps if infrastructure is provided in time for first residents, either as a temporary facility or a smaller version of the final product. Ensure that support systems/management strategies are in place for community infrastructure. In new settlements, community development workers are key to establishing links between people and opening connecting newcomers to the wider environment. 5.25 Build in public realm to all forms of development (housing, employment and leisure) that encourages informal meeting and ‘bumping’ into people. 5.26 Ensure delivery of truly affordable homes.

Section 4.3.3 of the Issues & Options consultation document identifies the factors that are relevant to the creation of safe and inclusive communities. As set out in the response to Question 16, there are substantial affordability issues in Greater Cambridge associated with the high cost of buying and renting housing, and those that cannot afford to live in Cambridge or South Cambridgeshire close to employment opportunities having to endure longer commuting. It is considered that the emerging GCLP should include a development strategy that seeks to meet housing and affordable housing needs and locate housing closer to employment opportunities and public transport hubs to reduce in-commuting and travel by car.

The Local Plan should ensure that development designs around walking and cycling first with vehicle movements as a secondary consideration. It should support car free/ car limited development in accordance with the NPPF14. Cambridge Science Park North will provide employment, training and open space opportunities accessible to new residents in the North East Cambridge Area Action Plan Area. In addition, the site is to be located in close proximity to some of the poorer areas of Cambridge. A new masterplan is being developed for Cambridge Science Park and Cambridge Science Park North is being designed to ensure that the buildings have active frontages to high capacity transit corridors to ensure that they are well lit and overlooked routes. New development should always seek to address these corridors to make walking / cycling and public transport the safest and most appealing route. 14 PPF (February 2019) paragraph 122c

52. See response to Question 16.

First and foremost, to form a spatial strategy that ensures that new development is accessible or can be made accessible. Providing everyone with the opportunity to walk, bus and cycle to jobs, schools, shops, services and social activities. Tenure blind development, with flexible housing mix policies to allow for the right homes in the right location. A clearer policy framework to support housing for elderly persons and increasing need for a range of homes and supported living. Build in public realm to all forms of development (housing, employment and leisure) that encourages informal meeting and ‘bumping’ into people. Ensure delivery of truly affordable homes.

Section 4.3.3 of the Issues & Options consultation document identifies the factors that are relevant to the creation of safe and inclusive communities. As set out in the response to Question 16, there are substantial affordability issues in Greater Cambridge associated with the high cost of buying and renting housing, and those that cannot afford to live in Cambridge or South Cambridgeshire close to employment opportunities having to endure longer commuting. It is considered that the emerging GCLP should include a development strategy that seeks to meet housing and affordable housing needs and locate housing closer to employment opportunities to reduce in-commuting.

2.33 At Steeple Morden, the sites at Craft Way could contribute toward providing a varied suite of homes for the community, including an affordable portion of development. Moreover, as illustrated, the sites taken as a whole can provide for a mix of house types and sizes that would help further the creation of an inclusive community. 2.34 Notwithstanding the provision of affordable homes, all of the dwellings should be capable of being provided with energy efficiency measures: specifically, there would be scope given the form and density of the envisaged development as shown to make provision for energy saving technology such as heat pumps or integrated solar generation.

4.29 First and foremost, the Local Plan can achieve socially inclusive communities when planning new development by forming a spatial strategy that ensures that new development is accessible or can be made accessible. Providing everyone with the opportunity to walk, bus and cycle to jobs, schools, shops, services and social activities will be vital. 4.30 Socially inclusive communities are created by people, but it helps if infrastructure is provided in time for first residents, either as a temporary facility or a smaller version of the final product. It will be important to ensure that support systems and management strategies are in place for community infrastructure. 4.31 Social inclusion can also be delivered by building in public realm to all forms of development (housing, employment and leisure) that encourages informal meeting and ‘bumping’ into people.

2.39 The matters raised in regard to safe and inclusive communities have been addressed in the responses to other questions but can be summarised as follows:- • The proposals for this site comprise a later living village of up to 200 units and up to 200 dwellings, of which a percentage will be a form of affordable tenure. This could include a mix of build to rent, starter homes; and discounted market sales housing as well as the opportunity to incorporate First Homes; • Homes of all tenure will be constructed to a high standard of energy efficiency; • The provision of the later living community will address a specific area of housing need and will also bring community facilities that can also be enjoyed by the existing and new residents of Comberton; • The later living provision will be based on a centralised heat network giving excellent opportunities to utilise renewable energy sources and ensure energy efficiency; • The later living provision will also create full-time permanent jobs. There is the potential for links to Comberton Sixth Form college and work experience in areas such as catering and groundskeeping etc; • The development will be highly sustainable with good links to existing services and facilities within Comberton, and to bus services and the proposed Greenway to Cambridge giving sustainable transport options. There is also the ability for existing residents to utilise facilities provided as part of the development, all of which will reduce the need to reduce travel by the private car; and • Provision of new areas of formal and informal green space including the provision of allotments all benefiting from natural surveillance and the potential to enhance the existing sports pitch provision on the existing playing fields.

Section 4.3.3 of the Issues & Options consultation document identifies the factors that are relevant to the creation of safe and inclusive communities. As set out in the response to Question 16, there are substantial affordability issues in Greater Cambridge associated with the high cost of buying and renting housing, and those that cannot afford to live in Cambridge or South Cambridgeshire close to employment opportunities having to endure longer commuting. It is considered that the emerging GCLP should include a development strategy that seeks to meet housing and affordable housing needs and locate housing closer to employment opportunities to reduce in-commuting. The presence of a Railway Station within the Village is also a major benefit and the site is directly accessible to this.

5.21 New development should include a range of new homes and associated infrastructure which can be accessed and enjoyed by all groups in society. 5.22 To achieve this, the Local Plan should include policies which allow for innovative ways to deliver ‘affordable housing’ across a range of tenure types. It should include a clearer policy framework to support housing for elderly persons. 5.23 New policies should carefully consider the necessary infrastructure to create socially inclusive communities, these policies could cover open spaces, play areas, community buildings, street design, travel management and technology requirements (Wifi, 5g and beyond).

Section 4.3.3 of the Issues & Options consultation document identifies the factors that are relevant to the creation of safe and inclusive communities. As set out in the response to Question 16, there are substantial affordability issues in Greater Cambridge associated with the high cost of buying and renting housing, and those that cannot afford to live in Cambridge or South Cambridgeshire close to employment opportunities having to endure longer commuting. It is considered that the emerging GCLP should include a development strategy that seeks to meet housing and affordable housing needs and locate housing closer to employment opportunities to reduce in-commuting.

The impression that a community can be ‘created’ is misleading. A safe and inclusive community will emerge only in the presence of the correct ingredients to enable it to evolve. We believe that these ingredients should include: - a high quality of design and house construction, - plenty of green space with attractive landscaping, - community rooms and meeting places, - play areas for children and kick-about/hang-out space for the young, - good public services and facilities. • Good design will encourage the growth of socially inclusive communities. The intention should be to create a place where people are proud to live rather than just a soulless housing estate. • The Cambridgeshire Quality Charter for Growth was revised by the Combined Authority in 2019 with a fifth theme, Community Cohesion, added. We believe that all developers wishing to build in Greater Cambridge should be required to sign up to the Charter. • All large new developments should have some form of Community Forum or Resident’s Association that can represent the interests of the community to the developer and Council. Sites like Eddington or Marmalade Lane provide a model that ought to be achieved by all, rather than being the exceptions.

• It is important that planning policies specify that cycling infrastructure and facilities are treated as primary features of any development, not merely as afterthoughts that are relegated to poor locations and/or with poor lighting. • Cycle parking and cycleways intended for general-purpose travel should always be in well-lit and overlooked locations. • Homes should always have safe cycle routes to schools and parks, suitable for children. • To determine if people feel safe, we should reach out to the most vulnerable people in our community to assess safety. • Transport and cycling infrastructure must not just be designed for work commutes but for all types of uses and all types of users. • The cycle route network should connect people with everyday needs such as work, school, shops, surgeries and parks; the routes should pass in front of buildings and through places with natural surveillance to assure personal safety, and they should be fully accessible to people of all abilities. “As one example, the ‘Living First’ campaign in Vancouver required high-density neighborhoods to be aesthetically pleasant and full of amenities (e.g., easy access to parks, child-care facilities, and grocery stores; streetscapes with shops and row housing rather than blank high-rise walls; and safe, convenient mass-transit and pedestrian facilities). The resulting neighborhoods benefit not only CO2 emissions (two-thirds of trips are by mass transit, bicycle, or walking) but also public health: by reducing automobile usage, compact development also reduces traffic fatalities and obesity).” (Marshall, 2008) “Where good quality sustainable transport options are integrated into development at the planning stage or at the time of major investment they are well-used. Attempting to ‘retro-fit’ sustainable transport into existing conventional development is much more difficult as travel habits have already been established.” (Campaign for Better Transport, 2015) “The quality and safety of the pedestrian and cycling environment is important—particularly the perception of these things. Parental consent for children to walk or cycle to school, friends or playground is notoriously low in the UK by comparison with much of Europe, due to real or perceived traffic and stranger danger. Children’s freedom to roam has been curtailed. Physical improvement to route continuity, directness, safety, informal surveillance and aesthetic quality is a part of any strategy to change perceptions and culture.” (Barton, 2009) “The starting point for designing cycle facilities within the compass of Sustainable Traffic Safety is ‘Design for All’. Cyclists have few standard characteristics. On the contrary, cyclists in the Netherlands are a variegated bunch, in terms of age, sex, physical fitness and reasons for travelling.” (CROW, 2017, p. 28) “At the most basic level, inclusive cycle infrastructure should be step-free, offer a continuous and uninterrupted journey, and have clear and accessible wayfinding.” (Wheels for Wellbeing, 2019) “For the same reason that carriageways are illuminated, so too do cycleways need to be illuminated. This is especially the case if they are designed for purposeful travel, such as year-round commuting.” (Parkin, 2018) Evidence for our response to Question 18. • Marshall, Julian D. (2008). Reducing urban sprawl could play an important role in addressing climate change. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2008, 42, 9, 3133–3137. • Campaign for Better Transport (2015). Getting there: How sustainable transport can support new development. • CROW (1996–2017). The Design Manual for Bicycle Traffic. CROW-Fietsberaad. Ede, Nederland. • Wheels for Wellbeing (2019). A Guide to Inclusive Cycling. 3rd Edition. • Taylor, Ian and Sloman, Lynn (2011). Thriving cities: integrated land use and transport planning. • Barton, Hugh (2009). Land use planning and health and well-being. Land Use Policy. • Parkin, John (2018). Designing for Cycle Traffic. Institute of Civil Engineers Publishing.

Safe: by design, unanimous vote by HI Parish Council Inclusive by building a mix of houses that matches need not developers profit maximisation, e.g., 2 and 3 bed houses. Absolute need - homes for young people, families, downsizers, those needing support. Developments which people feel they have an investment in and are developed well uplift the community and people remain invested in keeping them well. We need to make sure both the new development has them included and the maintenance is also their interest. Value to the local people who do this is key. As society places more value in earning more money than its ability to achieve and maintain inclusive communities is likely not sustainable.

•It is important that planning policies specify that cycling infrastructure and facilities are not treated as afterthoughts – relegated to the shadows of new developments in poor locations and/or with poor lighting. • Cycle parking and cycleways should always be in well-lit and overlooked locations. • To determine if people feel safe, we should reach out to the most vulnerable people in our community to assess safety. • Transport and cycling infrastructure must not just be designed for work commutes but for all types of uses and all types of users.

Include a policy that requires new development to have regard to the secured by design principles. This will help to ensure that new developments are well designed to ensure all areas benefit from natural surveillance and avoid alley ways and other areas that are not overlooked and could encourage anti-social behaviour. The following could be included in residential-led schemes to achieve safe and inclusive communities. Where appropriate these measures will also be incorporated into the proposed Meldreth site. • The provision of affordable housing. This includes a mix of build to rent, starter homes; and discounted market sales housing as well as the opportunity to incorporate First Homes; • All homes regardless of the tenure will be constructed to be energy efficient by future residents; • The provision of a highly sustainable development with good links to existing services and facilities within Meldreth and neighbouring settlements; • Provision of new areas of formal and informal green space all benefiting from natural surveillance.

MGH agrees with the key issues raised in section 4.3.3 of the Issues and Options report. These issues all lead towards a conclusion that larger sites are preferred as they can better provide: - - homes for all parts of the community; - a wider range of accessible jobs; - support the delivery of low carbon transport infrastructure; - ensure that infrastructure, services and facilities are provided alongside new employment and homes; and - support arts and culture.

Learn from experience. Review consultation methods – how do you consult marginalised and disenfranchised members of a community?

Section 4.3.3 of the Issues & Options consultation document identifies the factors that are relevant to the creation of safe and inclusive communities. As set out in the response to Question 16, there are substantial affordability issues in Greater Cambridge associated with the high cost of buying and renting housing, and those that cannot afford to live in Cambridge or South Cambridgeshire close to employment opportunities having to endure longer commuting. It is considered that the emerging GCLP should include a development strategy that seeks to meet housing and affordable housing needs and locate housing closer to employment opportunities to reduce in-commuting.

4.55 To achieve inclusive communities, the Local Plan must encourage development of a wide range of jobs which provide different options for work to suit the varied needs of residents. The Local Plan should consider locating employment sites where there is opportunity to promote social inclusion through the provision of a sustainable public transport network that is affordable and accessible for all. 4.56 The office and logistics sectors provide a steady source of job growth and the sector offers a range of well-paid employment opportunities across the occupational spectrum. The jobs available are likely to consist of a variety of employment roles including professional, technical and managerial, skilled and elementary occupations. The Local Plan should also ensure that sites are designed for safe access for pedestrians and cyclists.

We welcome the identification of the role for the Local Plan in supporting arts and culture. Cultural heritage and the historic environment have an important role to place in enhancing well-being and social inclusion. Many heritage assets provide opportunities for leisure and relaxation (think Wimpole Hall, Stapleford Granary etc.). It is important that there is access for all to these facilities and that the Plan supports the development of new leisure and recreational facilities, some of which may be focused on heritage and the historic environment.

Please refer to the Sustainability Vision Statement which seeks out opportunities to bring the big themes to life in every aspect of the project.

European Property Ventures (Cambridgeshire) agree that the Local Plan should seek to deliver 'good growth' that achieve safe and inclusive communities across the whole plan area. As such, the social and housing need of smaller communities such as at Group Villages and Rural Centres should not be ignored. The Plan must positively address the needs of all its communities to be able to provide for 'good growth'. To achieve the 'good growth' benefits the Councils are seeking, the Plan must deliver development that also recognises the needs of existing communities, including the needs of the settlements within the rural areas. This is especially relevant to the provision of affordable housing and homes that address specific needs such as small families, down-sizing households and the needs of larger families. The housing stock within villages has not benefited by the delivery of such accommodation, with development relying upon small infill development that is not of a scale that can contribute to these requirements. Similarly, the existing facilities within villages have not been able to be supported by required growth levels, with schools relying upon larger and larger catchments, whilst shops and pubs have not has sufficient customer base to sustain their business. To address the wellbeing of existing communities and contribute to their social inclusion, the Plan must consider the positive distribution of a suitable level of development. European Property Ventures (Cambridgeshire) believe that the expansion of settlements such as Oakington, with good facilities and access to wider facilities at nearby strategic allocations through public transport and sustainable modes of transport such as cycling; would be an effective way to provide good growth that address this objective. Pursance of this strategy would mean including suitable sites such as the site south of Dry Drayton Road at Oakridge within the Development Framework and capable of delivery. The revision of Development Frameworks and village extents can be best achieved through the requirement of local communities to accommodate minimum levels of development, so that windfall development or positive allocations through the neighbourhood plan process can be identified. Claremont Planning are instructed on behalf of European Property Ventures(Cambridgeshire) to promote the site south of Dry Drayton Road, Oakington for residential development to achieve the 'good growth' and its consideration within the emerging spatial strategy for allocation. The site is available, suitable and viable for residential development, representing a location to achieve moderate growth of the village that will be able to contribute towards the housing supply of the Plan area within a location that has previously been identified for strategic levels of expansion nearby through the Nothstowe new settlement at Longstanton. As such, Oakington should be reconsidered as a settlement that could accommodate development to deliver the over the extended plan period. The Plan should require a review of development frameworks at settlements with wider linkages and facilities as a direct result of the new Plan's adoption. Summary of Comments: The Plan should require a review of development frameworks at settlements with wider linkages and facilities, such as Oakington.

See response to Question 17. Refer back to studies of the long term successes and failures of the New Towns. Apply Parker Morris space standards to reduce household stress. Response to Q17 below: Ensure that you listen to residents with an open mind. Pursue practical objectives, not political ones. Seek advice from people with appropriate and proven expertise, not people who think they are experts or whose expertise has some kind of financial strings attached.

See response to Question 18. Provide adequate community facilities, including education, communication and entertainment, play areas and sport facilities. Ensure access to formal and informal green space. Response to Q 18: "See response to Question 17. Refer back to studies of the long term successes and failures of the New Towns. Apply Parker Morris space standards to reduce household stress. Response to Q17 below: Ensure that you listen to residents with an open mind. Pursue practical objectives, not political ones. Seek advice from people with appropriate and proven expertise, not people who think they are experts or whose expertise has some kind of financial strings attached."

Q16 – Q19 Wellbeing and social inclusion We agree that addressing requirements for climate change and green spaces, in addition to other national planning policy requirements will help to promote wellbeing and social inclusion. This should be a key consideration in the preparation of the Local Plan biodiversity and green infrastructure evidence base. Access to sustainable transport and access to nature, close to people’s homes, can have a significant influence on mental and physical wellbeing. As indicated above there is an accessible natural greenspace deficit across Greater Cambridge, and particularly South Cambridgeshire. This needs to be addressed through the new Local Plan to improve opportunities for people, to improve health and wellbeing, in addition to delivering wider environmental benefits including air quality and climate change. Creation of an enhanced and extended ecological network brimming with high quality open space, biodiversity rich habitat, community orchards, allotments etc. will make a significant contribution towards enhanced wellbeing.